Resistência química

Um dos grandes motivadores para se utilizar um rolamento de aço inox, que é mais caro que o comum, é aumentar a durabilidade da peça. Muitas vezes o que causa o desgaste da peça não é o uso em si, mas os elementos químicos que entram em contato com o aço:

  • Molhos da indústria alimentícia
  • Soluções químicas
  • Soluções para limpar equipamentos médicos
  • Água
  • Entre inúmeras possibilidades.

A tabela a seguir está com os nomes em inglês e foi retirada do seguinte arquivo: Tabela de Resistência.

Não nos responsabilizamos por qualquer ação tomada a partir do que é apresentado aqui. Cada pessoa/indústria deve analisar, testar e verificar o que faz sentido para sua situação.

A tabela a seguir indica a resistência química dos materiais, quando em contato com diferentes soluções.

Exemplo:

O aço inox 440 sofre razoavelmente no contato com ácido lático, mas o inox 302 e o 304 não sofrem com esse ácido.

E o aço inox 420? Sua composição química é bem similar ao do 440 que pode, então, servir como base.

Outra coisa a se lembrar, os rolamentos em aço inox não são sempre 100% em aço inox. Se tiver uma vedação, talvez essa vedação seja de borracha, ou teflon. A lubrificação pode atrapalhar ou ajudar na resistência química. O separador pode ser de poliamida e não de aço. Ou seja, cada aplicação deve ser estudada com cuidado - e/ou realizar testes e ver o que funciona melhor.


Legenda

Efeitos químicos:

  • A: Sem efeitos - Excelente
  • B: Efeito pequeno - Bom
  • C: Efeito moderado - Regular
  • D: Efeito severo - Não recomendado
  • ’- : Sem informações

Observações:

  • (1) P.V.C. — Satisfactory to 72° F.
  • (2) Polypropylene — Satisfactory to 72° F.
  • (3) Polypropylene — Satisfactory to 120° F.
  • (4) Buna-N — Satisfactory for “O” Rings
  • (5) Polyacetal — Satisfactory to 72° F.
  • (6) Ceramag — Satisfactory to 72° F.
Substância Inox 302 Inox 304 Inox 316 Inox 440
Acetaldehyde (5) A A A -
Acetamide - B A -
Acetate Solvent (2) A B A B
Acetic Acid, Glacia (1) - B A A
Acetic Acid 20% - B A -
Acetic Acid 80% - B A -
Acetic Acid - B A B
Acetic Anhydride B A A B
Acetone (6) A A A B
Acetyl Chloride - C A -
Acetylene (2) A A A A
Acrylonitrile A A C -
Alcohols: Amyl A A A -
Benzyl - A A -
Butyl - A A -
Diacetone (2) A A A -
Ethyl - A A A
Hexyl - A A -
Isobutyl - A A -
Isopropyl - A A -
Methyl (6) - A A A
Octyl - A A -
Propyl - A A -
Aluminum Chloride 20% - D C D
Aluminum Chloride C D C -
Aluminum Fluoride - D C D
Aluminum Hydroxide (6) - A A A
Aluminum Potassium Sulfate (Alum), 10% - A - -
Aluminum Potassium Sulfate (Alum), 100% - D A B
Aluminum Sulfate - C C A
Amines A A A -
Ammonia 10% - - A -
Ammonia, Anhydrous A B A A
Ammonia, Liquids - A A A
Ammonia, Nitrate - A A A
Ammonium Bifluoride - C A -
Ammonium Carbonate B A A A
Ammonium Casenite - - A -
Ammonium Chloride C A C A
Ammonium Hydroxide A A A A
Ammonium Nitrate A A A A
Ammonium Oxalate - A A A
Ammonium Persulfate - A A A
Ammonium Phosphate, Dibasic B A A A
Ammonium Phosphate, Monobasic - A A A
Ammonium Phosphate, Tribasic B A A A
Ammonium Sulfate C D B A
Ammonium Thio-Sulfate - - A -
Amyl-Acetate B A A C
Amyl Alcohol - A A -
Amyl Chloride - C B -
Aniline B A A A
Antifreeze - A A -
Antimony Trichloride - D D -
Aqua Regia (80%, HCL, 20%, HNO) - D D -
Arochlor 1248 - - - -
Aromatic Hydrocarbons - - A -
Arsenic Acid B A A -
Asphalt - B A -
Barium Carbonate B A A A
Barium Chloride C D A A
Barium Cyanide - - A -
Barium Hydroxide B C A A
Barium Nitrate - A A -
Barium Sulfate B A A A
Barium Sulfide B A A -
Beer (2) (Cerveja) A A A -
Beet Sugar Liquids A A A -
Benzaldehyde (3) A A A -
Benzene (2) B A A A
Benzoic Acid (2) B A A A
Benzol - A A -
Borax (Sodium Borate) - A A A
Boric Acid B A A A
Brewery Slop - - A -
Bromine (2) (wet) D D D D
Butadiene A A A -
Butane (2) (1) A A A -
Butanol - A A -
Butter (Manteiga) - B A -
Buttermilk A A A A
Butylene A B A -
Butyl Acetate (1) - - C -
Butyric Acid (1) B B A A
Calcium Bisulfate C D A -
Calcium Bisulfide - - B -
Calcium Bisulfite - B A -
Calcium Carbonate B A A A
Calcium Chlorate - B A -
Calcium Chloride C A D C
Calcium Hydroxide B A A -
Calcium Hypochlorite D D C C
Calcium Sulfate B A A A
Calgon - A A -
Cane Juice (2) - A A -
Carbolic Acid (See Phenol) - - - -
Carbon Bisulfide (2) B A A A
Carbon Dioxide (wet) - A A -
Carbon Disulfide (2) - B A -
Carbon Monoxide - A A -
Carbon Tetrachloride (2) (1) B B B A
Carbonated Water B A A A
Carbonic Acid B A B A
Catsup - A A A
Chloracetic Acid (2) D D D D
Chloric Acid - D D -
Chlorinated Glue - A A -
Chlorine, Anhydrous Liquid - D D D
Chlorine (dry) B A A -
Chlorine Water D - D -
Chlorobenzene (Mono) A A A -
Chloroform A A A A
Chlorosulfonic Acid (1) D D - D
Chlorox (Bleach) - A A -
Chocolate Syrup (Calda de chocolate) - A A -
Chromic Acid 5% - A A B
Chromic Acid 10% - B - -
Chromic Acid 30% - B - -
Chromic Acid 50% C B B -
Cider - A A A
Citric Acid - A A A
Citric Oils - A A -
Coffee (Café) A A A A
Copper Chloride C D D B
Copper Cyanide - A A A
Copper Fluoborate - D D -
Copper Nitrate B A A B
Copper Sulfate (5% Solution) - A A A
Copper Sulfate B B - -
Cream - A A -
Cresols(2) - A A -
Cresylic Acid B A A -
Cyclohexane - A - -
Cyanic Acid - A - -
Detergents - A A -
Dichlorethane - A A -
Diesel Fuel A A A -
Diethylamine A A - -
Diethylene Glycol - A - -
Diphenyl Oxide - A - -
Dyes - A A -
Epsom Salts (Magnesium Sulfate) B A A A
Ethane A A - -
Ethanolamine - A A -
Ether(3) A A A A
Ethyl Acetate(2) - A A -
Ethyl Chloride - A A A
Ethyl Sulfate - D - -
Ethylene Chloride(2) - A A -
Ethylene Dichloride - A A -
Ethylene Glycol(4) - A A -
Ethylene Oxide - - A -
Fatty Acids - A A -
Ferric Chloride - D D D
Ferric Nitrate - A A A
Ferric Sulfate - A C A
Ferrous Chloride - D D -
Ferrous Sulfate B A C -
Fluoboric Acid - D B -
Fluorine D D D -
Fluosilicic Acid - - B -
Formaldehyde 40% - - A -
Formaldehyde A A A -
Formic Acid6 C A B B
Fruit Juice (Suco de fruta) A A A A
Fuel Oils A A A -
Furan Resin - A A -
Furfural(1) A A A -
Gallic Acid B A A -
Gasoline(1) (4) A A A A
Gelatin A A A A
Glucose (Glicose) A - A -
Glue P.V.A.(1) B B A -
Glycerine A A A A
Cycolic Acid - - - -
Gold Monocyanide - - A -
Grape Juice (Suco de uva) - A A -
Grease(4) A A A -
Heptane(1) A - A -
Hexane(1) A A A -
Honey - A A -
Hydraulic Oils (Petroleum)(1) A A A -
Hydraulic Oils (Synthetic)(1) - A A -
Hydrazine - A A -
Hydrobromic Acid 20% - - D -
Hydrobromic Acid(4) D D D D
Hydrochloric/Muratic Acid (Dry gas) D C A -
Hydrochloric/Muratic Acid (20%)(4) - D D D
Hydrochloric/Muratic Acid (37%)(4) - D D D
Hydrochloric/Muratic Acid (100%) - D D -
Hydrocyanic Acid A A A C
Hydrocyanic Acid (Gas 10%) - D D -
Hydrofluoric Acid (20%)(1) - D D D
Hydrofluoric Acid (75%)(1) (2) - C D -
Hydrofluoric Acid 100% D D D -
Hydrofluosilicic Acid (20%) - D D -
Hydrofluosilicic Acid - D D -
Hydrogen Gas A A A -
Hydrogen Peroxide 10% - C C -
Hydrogen Peroxide 30% - - B -
Hydrogen Peroxide - A B A
Hydrogen Sulfide, Aqueous Solution - D A C
Hydrogen Sulfide (dry) A C A -
Hydroxyacetic Acid (70%) - - - -
Ink A A A -
Iodine - D D D
Iodine (In Alcohol) - - B -
Iodoform B C A -
Isotane(2) - - - -
Isopropyl Acetate - - B -
Isopropyl Ether(2) A - A -
Jet Fuel (JP#, JP4, JP5) A A A -
Querosene(2) A A A A
Ketones A A A -
Lacquers A A A -
Lacquer Thinners - - A -
Lactic Acid A A B C
Lard B A A A
Latex - A A -
Lead Acetate B A A -
Lead Sulfamate - - - -
Ligroin(3) - - A -
Lime - A A -
Lubricants - A A -
Magnesium Carbonate - A A A
Magnesium Chloride B B B A
Magnesium Hydroxide A A A -
Magnesium Nitrate - A A A
Magnesium Oxide - A A -
Magnesium Sulfate B B A -
Maleic Acid C A A A
Maleic Anhydride - - - -
Malic Acid B A A -
Mash - A A -
Mayonnaise (Maionese) A A A -
Melamine - D D -
Mercuric Chloride (Dilute Solution) D D D D
Mercuric Cyanide A A A -
Mercury (Mercúrio) A A A A
Methanol (See Alcohol Methyl) - - - -
Methyl Acetate A - A -
Methyl Acrylate - - - -
Methyl Acetone A - A -
Methyl Alcohol 10% A - A -
Methyl Bromide - - - -
Methyl Butyl Ketone - - A -
Methyl Cellosolve - - - -
Methyl Chloride - A A -
Methyl Dichloride - - - -
Methyl Ethyl Ketone - A A -
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone2 - - A -
Methyl Isopropyl Ketone - - A -
Methyl Methacrylate - - - -
Methylamine A - A -
Methylene Chloride A A A -
Milk (Leite) A A A A
Molasses A A A A
Mustard (Mostarda) A A A A
Naphtha A A A A
Naphthalene B A B -
Nickel Chloride - A B -
Nickel Sulfate B A B -
Nitric Acid (10% Solution) A A A A
Nitric Acid (20% Solution) - A A A
Nitric Acid (50% Solution) - A A A
Nitric Acid (Concentrated Solution) - D B A
Nitrobenzene(2) B A B -
Óleos: Aniline - A A -
Anise - A A -
Bay - A A -
Bone - A A -
Castor - A A -
Cinnamon - A A -
Citric - A A -
Clove - A A -
Coconut - A A -
Cod Liver - A A -
Corn - A A A
Cotton Seed B A A A
Creosote2 - A A -
Diesel Fuel (2D, 3D, 4D, 5D) - A A -
Fuel (1, 2, 3, 5A, 5B, 6) - A A -
Ginger - A A -
Hydraulic (See Hydraulic) - - - -
Lemon - A A -
Linseed - A A A
Mineral A A A A
Olive A A A -
Orange - A A -
Palm - A A -
Peanut3 - A A -
Peppermint2 - A A -
Pine A A A -
Rape Seed - A A -
Rosin - A A -
Sesame Seed - A A -
Silicone - A A -
Soybean - A A -
Sperm - A A -
Tanning - A A -
Turbine - A A -
Oleic Acid B A A B
Oleum 25% - - - -
Oleum B - A -
Oxalic Acid (cold) C A B A
Paraffin A A A A
Pentane A C C -
Perchloroethylene(2) B A A -
Petrolatum A - A -
Phenol 10% B A A -
Phenol (Carbolic Acid) B A A A
Phosphoric Acid (40% Solution) - B A A
Phosphoric Acid (40% - 100% Solution) - C B B
Phosphoric Acid (Crude) - D C C
Phosphoric Anhydride (Dry or Moist) - A A -
Phosphoric Anhydride (Molten) - A A -
Photographic (Developer) - C A C
Phthalic Anhydride B A B -
Picric Acid B A A -
Plating Solutions: Antimony Plating 130° F - - A -
Arsenic Plating 110° F - - A -
Brass Plating: Regular Brass Bath 100° F - - A -
High Speed Brass Bath 110° F - - A -
Bronze Plating: Copper Cadmium Bronze Bath R.T. - - A -
Copper-Tin Bronze Bath 160° F - - A -
Copper-Zinc Bronze Bath 100° F - - A -
Cadmium Plating: Cyanide Bath 90° F - - A -
Fluoborate Bath 100° F - - A -
Chromium Plating: Chromic-Sulfuric Bath 130° F - - C -
Fluosilicate Bath 95° F - - C -
Fluoride Bath 130° F - - D -
Black Chrome Bath 115° F - - C -
Barrel Chrome Bath 95° F - - D -
Copper Plating (Cyanide): Copper Strike Bath 120° F - - - -
Rochelle Salt Bath 150° F - - A -
High Speed Bath 180° F - - A -
Copper Plating (Acid): Copper Sulfate Bath R.T. - - D -
Copper Fluoborate Bath 120° F - - D -
Copper (Misc.): Copper Pyrophosphate 140° F - - A -
Copper (Electroless) 140° F - - - -
Gold Plating: Cyanide 150° F - - A -
Neutral 75° F - - C -
Acid 75° F - - C -
Indium Sulfamate Plating R.T. - - C -
Iron Plating: Ferrous Chloride Bath 190° F - - D -
Ferrous Sulfate Bath 150° F - - C -
Ferrous Am. Sulfate Bath 150° F - - C -
Sulfate-Chloride Bath 160° F - - D -
Fluoborate Bath 145° F - - D -
Sulfamate 140° F - - D -
Lead Fluoborate Plating - - C -
Nickel Plating: Watts Type 115 - 160° F - - C -
High Chloride 130 - 160° F - - C -
Fluoborate 100 - 170° F - - C -
Sulfamate 140° F - - C -
Electroless 200° F - - - -
Rhodium Plating 120° F - - D -
Silver Plating 80 - 120° F - - A -
Tin-Fluoborate Plating 100° F - - C -
Tine-Lead Plating 100° F - - C -
Zinc Plating: Acid Chloride 140° F - - D -
Acid Sulfate Bath 150° F - - C -
Acid Fluoborate Bath R.T. - - - C
Alkaline Cyanide Bath R.T. - - - A
Potash - A - A
Potassium Bicarbonate - A - B
Potassium Bromide A A - B
Potassium Carbonate B A - A
Potassium Chlorate B A A A
Potassium Chloride C A A B
Potassium Chromate - - B B
Potassium Cyanide Solutions B A B A
Potassium Dichromate B A A A
Potassium Ferrocyanide B A - A
Potassium Hydroxide (50%) A B B B
Potassium Nitrate B A B A
Potassium Permanganate B A B B
Potassium Sulfate B A B B
Potassium Sulfide A A - A
Propane (Liquified)(1) (2) A A - A
Propylene Glycol B B - A
Pyridine - C - B
Pyrogallic Acid B A A A
Rosins A A A A
Rum - A - A
Rust Inhibitors - A - A
Salad Dressing - A - A
Sea Water (Água do mar) A A C A
Shellac (Bleached) A A - A
Shellac (Orange) A A - A
Silicone - B - A
Silver Bromide - C C B
Silver Nitrate B A B A
Soap Solutions(1) A A A A
Soda Ash (See Sodium Carbonate) - - - -
Sodium Acetate B A A B
Sodium Aluminate B - - A
Sodium Bicarbonate B A A A
Sodium Bisulfate A A - A
Sodium Bisulfite - A - A
Sodium Borate B A - A
Sodium Carbonate B A B B
Sodium Chlorate B A - A
Sodium Chloride B A C B
Sodium Chromate A A A -
Sodium Cyanide B A - A
Sodium Fluoride B C - C
Sodium Hydrosulfite - - - -
Sodium Hydroxide/Caustic Soda (20%) - A A A
Sodium Hydroxide/Caustic Soda (50%) - A B -
Sodium Hydroxide/Caustic Soda (80%) - A D -
Sodium Hypochlorite/Bleach(3) (to 20%) D - D -
Sodium Hypochlorite/Bleach - A A -
Sodium Hyposulfate A - A -
Sodium Metaphosphate(2) A - A -
Sodium Metasilicate B A A A
Sodium Nitrate B - C -
Sodium Perborate B A A -
Sodium Peroxide - A A -
Sodium Polyphosphate (Mono, Di, Tribasic) B A B A
Sodium Silicate B A A C
Sodium Sulfate B A B -
Sodium Sulfide - C C -
Sodium Sulfite - - A -
Sodium Tetraborate A A A -
Sodium Thiosulphate (”Hypo”) - A A -
Sorghum - A A -
Soy Sauce (Shoyu) D D D -
Stannic Chloride - - A -
Stannic Fluoborate - - A -
Stannous Chloride D D C -
Starch (amido) B A A -
Stearic Acid(2) B A A A
Stoddard Solvent A A A A
Styrene A A A -
Sugar (Liquids) A A A A
Sulfate Liquors - C C -
Sulfur Chloride - D D D
Sulfur Dioxide(2) - A A C
Sulfur Dioxide (dry) A A A -
Sulfur Trioxide (dry) A A C -
Sulfuric Acid (to 10%) - D C C
Sulfuric Acid (10% - 75%)(2) - D D D
Sulfuric Acid (75% - 100%) - - D -
Sulfurous Acid C C B C
Sulfuryl Chloride - - - -
Syrup (Xarope/calda) - A A A
Tallow - A A -
Tannic Acid B A A A
Tanning Liquors - A A -
Tartaric Acid B A B B
Tetrachlorethane - - A -
Tetrahydrofuran - A A -
Toluene, Toluol(3) A A A -
Tomato Juice - Suco de Tomate A A A -
Trichlorethane - C A -
Trichlorethylene(2) B A A -
Trichloropropane - - A -
Tricresylphosphate - - A -
Triethylamine - - - -
Turpentine(3) B A A -
Urine (Urina) - A A -
Vegetable Juice (Suco de vegetais) - A A -
Vinegar (vinagre) A A A A
Varnish (Use Viton for Aromatic) A A A A
Water, Acid, Mine - A A -
Water, Distilled, Lab Grade (7) (água destilada) - A A -
Water, Fresh (Água doce) A A A -
Water, Salt (Água salgada) - A A -
Weed Killers - A A -
Whey - A A -
Whiskey and Wines (Whisky e vinhos) A A A A
White Liquor (Pulp Mill) - A A -
White Water (Paper Mill) - A A -
Xylene(2) A A A -
Zinc Chloride D D B B
Zinc Hydrosulphite - - A -
Zinc Sulfate B A A A